President Elbegdorj has walked in the steps of his country’s history.

Born into a nomad family, he spent his young years on horseback as a herdsman. It was a life he loved with his parents and brothers. He could have stayed but change was sweeping across Mongolia.

After a stint in the army and university in Ukraine to study journalism he was swept up in his country’s revolution over throwing decades of communist rule.

Now years later as President, the 48-year-old Elbegdorj is retracing his steps.

With CNN crew he followed his heart to the mountains of western Mongolia and the memories of a boy raised a herdsman.

As we fly over the place of his birth the President points excitedly below. Nomads have come for miles around to greet him.

Mongolian national identity is entwined with its nomadic history of horsemen and herders. Traditional pursuits like horse-riding are alive and well and celebrated each year at the “naadam” festival. Country profile: Mongolia.

Despite the impact of modernity and urbanization it remains in many ways a “land without fences.”

Sandwiched between Russia to the north and China to the south, Mongolia’s President Tsakhia Elbegdorj likens his country’s position, geographically and politically, to “a pony between two elephants.”

Recent history has seen Mongolia both squeezed and supported by its two heavy-weight neighbors.

The country declared its independence from China in 1921 and then fell under the influence of the Soviet Union and communism. The demise of the Soviet Union in 1991 led to the country losing one-third of its GDP, but did result in the creation of a new democratic constitution in 1992. The president is the country’s head of state and is elected every four years.

Mongolia is currently modernizing, but its historical position as the one-time center of the world’s largest-ever land empire is not forgotten within the country.

History books often portray Genghis Khan as a blood-thirsty warrior who led murderous hordes across Asia and Europe. But in Mongolia he remains revered as the man responsible for uniting nomadic tribes and creating an empire that spread ideas and trade across continents, including the invention of paper money and the concept of diplomatic immunity.

Today Khan’s presence remains in street names, products and monuments, most strikingly with a 40-meter-tall statue situated 50 kilometers outside the capital city of Ulaanbaatar that faces towards the vast interior of the country.

Three times the size of France, Mongolia’s riches lie in its land.

Among the breathtaking vistas of seemingly timeless landscapes studded with Gers (traditional nomadic homes) lies the source of Mongolia’s current economic boom.

Natural resources of copper and its vast reserves of coal are literally fueling China’s growth and the means for Mongolia’s own development of recent years.

Other sought-after minerals like zinc, gold and uranium have bolstered trade and foreign investment, as well helping to bringing Louis Vuitton and Burberry to the streets of Ulaanbaatar.

But with its wealth of natural assets comes the need to balance development with environmental protection and address the country’s pressing problem of lifting one third of Mongolia’s three million people out of poverty.

(CNN) – Grapple fans should head to Mongolia each year on July 11.

It’s the day the country celebrates its independence, but also the beginning of something equally important: country-wide competitions to discover Mongolia’s top wrestler.

The wrestle-fest is part of “naadam”, the annual celebration of traditional Mongolian sports — wrestling, archery and horse-racing — that captivates villages, towns and cities across the country for three days.

The grand wrestling competition held in the capital Ulaanbaatar is only open to those with a national ranking. But at a local level men, women and children, some as young as four years old, take part in the events.

Unexpected Mongolia

Mix up the vast landscapes of the Gobi, the snowcapped mountains of Bayan-Ölgi and the dramatic gorges and sparkling lakes of Khövsgöl. Sprinkle in the felt homes of the nomad and the cry of an eagle. Add Buddhist temples, mysterious ruins, abundant wildlife and legendary hospitality. Then top it all off with a conqueror who started with nothing and ended up changing history.

If this description perpetuates your belief in an untouched country, then you also need the scoop on the new Mongolia. Add to the above internet cafés inUlaanbaatar, herders chatting on mobile phones, Manhattan-style cocktail bars, eco-yurts and vegetarian cafés. The Humvees plying Peace Ave would probably have Chinggis Khaan turning green with envy.

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